
The Aerospace and Defence industrial ecosystem (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous ecosystem with diverse technological, entrepreneurial and innovation profiles. Its sub-industries include Aeronautics, Space, and Defence. The Aeronautics industry develops and manufactures civil and military aircrafts, helicopters, drones, aero-engines and other systems and equipment. The Space industry designs, develops, and integrates space systems such as launchers, spacecrafts, ground segment, and provides related engineering services and performs tests. The Defence industry develops military and security applications, technologies, systems, communication and information platforms.